Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Penggunaan Sertifikat Hak atas Tanah Palsu sebagai Dasar Gugatan Pembatalan Hak atas Tanah: (Studi Kasus Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1520 K/PDT/2024)

Nabila Khoirunnisa (Program Studi Hukum Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan)
Muhamad Faiz Athaya (Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan)
Kenneth Nathanael Ardianto (Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan)
Mochammad Fahmi Munir (Program Studi Hukum, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan)

Sanskara Hukum dan HAM
Vol. 5 No. 01 (2026): Sanskara Hukum dan HAM (SHH)

This study aims to analyze the unlawful use of forged land title certificates as the basis for claims seeking the cancellation of land rights and to examine inconsistencies in the legal basis, the object of the right, and the subject of the right within Indonesia's land registration system. The study employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through an analysis of Supreme Court Decision Number 1520 K/PDT/2024. The findings show that the use of a forged certificate that is not registered in the administration of the National Land Agency fulfills the elements of an unlawful act under Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code because it involves an unlawful act, fault, loss, and a causal relationship. The study also finds that the issuance of a certificate that is inconsistent with the legal basis, object, and subject of the right contravenes the Basic Agrarian Law, Government Regulation Number 24 of 1997, and Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021. Indonesia's negative publication system with positive tendencies continues to allow document forgery and land disputes to occur. Therefore, strengthening a digital-based land administration system and improving oversight of the certificate issuance process are necessary to ensure legal certainty and protection of land rights.