<![CDATA[The assessment of students' democratic attitudes is an important component of Islamic Religious Education (IRE), as it supports the evaluation of affective learning outcomes alongside cognitive achievement. However, valid and reliable instruments for assessing democratic attitudes in IRE are still limited. This study aimed to develop and validate a democratic attitude assessment instrument for Grade XII senior high school students. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach conducted from February to April 2026. An initial 15-item Likert-scale instrument was developed and evaluated through expert judgment. Following expert validation, 13 items were retained for empirical testing involving 34 students. Item validity was analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation, while instrument reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha with SPSS version 16.0. The empirical results indicated that two items did not meet the predetermined validity criterion (r ≤ r < 0.339), whereas the remaining items demonstrated acceptable validity. The instrument achieved a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.729, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. The retained items measured four dimensions of democratic attitudes, including freedom of expression, willingness to acknowledge mistakes, rejection of authoritarian attitudes, and commitment to collective decision-making. Overall, the developed instrument demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability and may serve as an alternative tool for assessing democratic attitudes in Islamic Religious Education. Further validation involving larger and more diverse samples is recommended to strengthen its psychometric properties.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
