<![CDATA[Aquaponics is a cultivation system that integrates fish farming and vegetable production within a single ecosystem, requiring stable water quality to support optimal plant growth and fish survival. Fluctuations in water pH and temperature are among the primary factors that can inhibit lettuce growth and reduce the living conditions of catfish. This study aims to utilize Internet of Things (IoT) sensors and an ESP32 microcontroller to monitor and automatically control water pH and temperature in an aquaponic system. The proposed system employs a pH sensor and a water temperature sensor for data acquisition, while the ESP32 serves as the main controller to process sensor readings and activate relays for pump operation based on the detected conditions. The water pH is maintained within the range of 6.5– 7.5, whereas the water temperature is controlled between 22°C and 28°C. When the measured pH or temperature exceeds the predefined thresholds, the system automatically activates the corresponding pump until the water parameters return to their normal ranges. The testing results indicate that the proposed system is capable of performing real-time water quality monitoring and automatic control according to the specified parameters. The implementation of this system is expected to maintain water quality stability, reduce manual intervention, and support the optimal growth of lettuce and the sustainability of catfish cultivation in aquaponic systems]]>
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