<![CDATA[Digital transformation in notarial practice has encouraged the use of biometric verification as a means of strengthening the identification of parties involved in the execution of notarial deeds. However, successful biometric verification raises legal questions regarding whether identity authentication can be equated with valid consent under contract law and how the biometric data of appearing parties should be protected. This study aims to analyze the validity of parties' consent in notarial deeds using biometric verification from the perspectives of contract law and personal data protection. It employs normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches by examining contract law, notarial law, electronic transactions, and personal data protection. The findings indicate that biometric verification merely serves as a supporting instrument for identity authentication and cannot automatically establish the existence of valid agreement as required under Article 1320 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Biometric data also requires heightened protection because it constitutes specific personal data. This study proposes a dual consent model that distinguishes consent to the substance of a legal transaction from consent to biometric data processing, thereby strengthening legal certainty, data protection, and the evidentiary integrity of notarial transactions.]]>
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