<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze and compare early childhood education (ECE) curriculum models and approaches in Japan and Australia through a literature review. A qualitative literature study approach was used by examining international journals from 2020 to 2025 that discuss early childhood curriculum policy and practice in both countries. The findings show that Japan emphasizes the balance between socio-emotional development and academic readiness through cultural integration (moral education and group harmony), while Australia focuses on the Early Years Learning Framework (EYLF), which values inclusivity, diversity, and experiential learning. The study implies the importance of adopting flexibility, parental engagement, and continuous teacher training in developing Indonesia’s early childhood curriculum.]]>
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