<![CDATA[Historical data in aircraft performance evaluation often encounters data sparsity under extreme conditions. This study aims to symmetrically map the operational envelope of the CFM56-5B-powered Airbus A320-214 using a Full Factorial Design approach. A total of 3,960 deterministic scenarios were executed via Flysmart+ v4.1 certification software, exploring interactions among airport typologies (Coastal vs. Terrain), operational phases (Take-off/Landing), runway conditions (Dry/Wet), aircraft weights (Heavy/Medium/Light), and wind components. Simulated data were cross-validated using actual outputs from aircraft registration PK-GLL and analyzed via Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The ANOVA results (R2=0.734) demonstrated that the wind component acts as a significant covariate (p<0.001), while the operational phase serves as the most dominant independent determinant of the safety margin (F=816.275,p=0.000). Critical findings revealed that the two-way interaction between Typology and Weight (Typology X Weight) is highly significant (p=0.000); heavy aircraft operations at terrain airports experience a radical degradation of safety margins due to the high density altitude phenomenon, dropping into the UNACCEPTABLE (UNSAFE) zone (<0%) under marginal weather. Conversely, the Typology X RWYCond interaction was non-significant (p=0.704), confirming that wet runway contamination reduces the safety margin at a constant severity rate across both typologies. As a mitigation strategy, this study formulates a dynamic Payload Restriction Rule for Flight Operation Officers (FOO) and recommends a Strict No-Tailwind Landing policy at Indonesian mountainous airports to prevent runway excursion accidents.]]>
Copyrights © 2026
