REPRESENTASI IRONI DALAM CERPEN “GURU” KARYA PUTU WIJAYA BERDASARKAN TEORI HEGEMONI ANTONIO GRAMSCI

Rizki Febrianti (Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia)
Muhammad Fuad (Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia)
Edi Suyanto (Magister Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, Universitas Lampung, Indonesia)

Aksara: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia
Vol 10, No 2 (2026): September

This study aims to analyse socio-historical irony and the contestation of hegemony in a short story by Putu Wijaya using the perspective of Antonio Gramsci. A qualitative method was employed, with data collected through close reading and note-taking of textual excerpts indicating hegemonic practices and irony. The findings reveal that capitalist hegemony isconstructed through state discourse and reproduced within the family, shaping the characters’consciousness. The attempt at counter-hegemony by the main character does not fully succeed, as it is ultimately absorbed into the same system. Socio-historical irony emerges when the idealism initially upheld leads to success within capitalist logic, while simultaneously redefining the notion of “teacher” into a symbolic role aligned with dominant values.