Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Indonesia ranks second globally in TB cases, contributing approximately 10% of the global burden. This condition is further complicated by Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (TB RO), in which patients develop resistance to first-line antibiotics. This study aims to analyze hemoglobin (Hb) profiles, leukocyte differential counts, and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV) in TB RO patients before and after antituberculosis treatment (OAT) at RSUD Abdoel Wahab Sjahranie Samarinda. This study employed a descriptive observational design with a cross-sectional approach. Data were obtained from medical records involving 16 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that most patients were aged 36–45 years (50%), male (68.75%), received a short-term treatment regimen (75%), and underwent treatment for nine months (37.5%). Anemia was found in 75% of patients, while 68.8% had normal RDW-CV levels. Most leukocyte differential parameters were within normal ranges, including eosinophils (87.5%), neutrophils (100%), lymphocytes (56.3%), monocytes (68.8%), and basophils (100%). Most parameters improved after treatment. In conclusion, monitoring Hb, RDW-CV, and leukocyte differential counts may help identify hematological changes before and after treatment and support early detection of potential complications and treatment failure.
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