<![CDATA[How can religious values be integrated into judicial reasoning in criminal cases without compromising legal certainty, evidentiary requirements, and the protection of the parties’ rights? This article examines the relationship between intersubjectivity, Pancasila values, and judicial reasoning in advancing religious justice within Indonesia’s criminal justice system. Employing doctrinal and philosophical legal research, the article adopts statutory and conceptual approaches, drawing on legal literature and secondary analyses of criminal cases. The findings indicate that intersubjectivity can facilitate the examination of arguments presented by the parties but cannot replace legally admissible evidence and judicial conviction as required under the Indonesian Code of Criminal Procedure (KUHAP). Judicial decisions should incorporate legal, sociological, and philosophical considerations supported by clear and legally defensible reasoning. Biomijuridika serves as a conceptual framework linking belief in God with respect for human dignity without privileging any particular religious interpretation. The judicial pardon provisions of Law No. 1 of 2023 are examined as prospective sentencing reforms, distinct from acquittals and judgments releasing defendants from all legal charges. The article recommends developing guidelines for judicial pardons and strengthening training in ethical judicial reasoning, with due regard for legality, judicial independence, equality, and victims’ interests.]]>
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