<![CDATA[Anadara granosa shell waste is an abundant biomaterial in Indonesian coastal areas and has potential as a reinforcement for environmentally friendly composite materials. The manufacturing process influences composite quality, particularly filler distribution and porosity formation during mixing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sonication methods using full wave, semi wave, and degassing modes on the physical and mechanical characteristics of epoxy composites reinforced with Anadara granosa shell powder. The composites were prepared using epoxy resin and hardener at a 2:1 ratio, then shell powder was added at 35% of the total mixture volume. The mixture was homogenized using a magnetic stirrer and subsequently subjected to the respective sonication treatments before molding and curing for 24 hours at room temperature. Material characterization included porosity measurement based on Archimedes’ principle, tensile testing according to ASTM D638, and Charpy impact testing based on ISO 179. The test results were used to evaluate the effects of the sonication methods on porosity, tensile strength, and impact toughness and to identify the most effective method for improving composite quality.]]>
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