<![CDATA[This study investigated the efficacy of physical repetition–variation training compared to mental visualization training in improving short service accuracy among high school badminton extracurricular students. Driven by low baseline service performance, a quantitative experimental design with a pretest–posttest control group was conducted. Thirty students were selected via total sampling and assigned into two equal experimental groups using ordinal pairing: Group 1 received combined repetition and variation physical training, while Group 2 received mental visualization training alongside basic practice over 14 sessions (3 times/week for 5 weeks). Short service accuracy was measured using a standardized target-based test (7 trials, scored 1–5). Data were analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests (α=0.05). Both physical repetition-variation (t=4.993, p<0.05) and mental visualization training (t=9.219, p<0.05) significantly enhanced short service accuracy. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the two interventions (t=0.890, p=0.381), despite physical training demonstrating a slightly higher mean gain (1.27 points). In conclusion, both physical repetition-variation and mental visualization are equally viable methods for optimizing serving precision in young athletes, highlighting mental imagery as a valuable low-cost alternative in sports pedagogy.]]>
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