<![CDATA[Chronological thinking skills enable students to organize sequences, periodization, and temporal relationships in historical events. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Canva-based infographics in developing students' chronological thinking skills in history learning. A quantitative approach was employed using a quasi-experimental method and a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 46 Grade 10 students at MA NW Kotaraja, comprising 22 students in the experimental group and 24 in the control group. The experimental group learned through Canva-based infographics, whereas the control group received regular instruction. Data were collected using a test that assessed students' ability to compare periodizations, construct temporal structures in narratives, and interpret timelines. The data were analyzed descriptively using normalized gain (N-gain) and inferentially using an independent-samples t-test. The experimental group's mean score increased from 37.86 to 67.23, with an N-gain of 0.47, whereas the control group's mean score increased from 45.54 to 48.42, with an N-gain of 0.03. The difference in N-gain between the groups was significant, t(44) = 7.062, p < .001, with a mean difference of 44.14 percentage points. These findings indicate that the use of Canva-based infographics was associated with a greater improvement in chronological thinking skills than regular instruction. Pedagogically, infographics can externalize temporal structures and help students organize historical information; however, their effectiveness depends on content accuracy, visual coherence, and the processing activities that accompany their use.]]>
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