Internal church conflict is a phenomenon frequently encountered in Christian community life, significantly impacting congregational unity and the effectiveness of ministry. This study aims to comprehensively analyze internal church conflict using an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses theological, sociological, and psychological perspectives. Employing a descriptive qualitative research method based on a literature review, the study examines various forms of internal church conflict ranging from leadership disputes, doctrinal differences, and conflicts among ministry workers to conflicts fueled by social media dynamics. The findings indicate that internal church conflicts are triggered by theological factors (such as differing doctrinal interpretations), sociological factors (such as factional rivalry and power dynamics), and psychological factors (including ego, relational trauma, and interpersonal communication failures). From an interdisciplinary standpoint, resolving church conflicts requires an approach involving Christian-based reconciliation, structural mediation within the sociological dimension, and empathetic psychological counseling. The study concludes that the most effective conflict resolution strategy is one that holistically integrates these three perspectives, with love and forgiveness serving as the foundational pillars.
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