Jurnal Penelitian Progresif (JPP)
Vol 5 No 2 (2026): MARCH 2026 - AUGUST 2026

THE ROLE OF THE CHURCH AS AN AGENT OF RECONCILIATION IN ADDRESSING INTERNAL CONGREGATIONAL CONFLICT: A CRITICAL THEOLOGICAL STUDY

Urbanu Da Costa (STT Anugrah Indonesia)
Yonas PAP (STT Anugrah Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Aug 2026

Abstract

Internal congregational conflict is an issue that can disrupt the unity, relational health, ministry effectiveness, and public witness of the church. This study aims to critically analyze the church's role as an agent of reconciliation in addressing internal congregational conflict and to formulate a reconciliation model relevant to contemporary church life. A qualitative approach utilizing library research methods was employed. Data were gathered from the Bible, theological texts, scholarly journal articles, and literature concerning church conflict, reconciliation, leadership, communication, and conflict transformation. Data analysis involved content and thematic analysis to identify, categorize, compare, and synthesize concepts related to the research focus. The findings indicate that the church bears not only the responsibility to resolve conflicts after they arise but also a theological mandate to act as an agent of reconciliation that actively fosters a culture of peace within the congregation. Internal conflicts were found to stem from various factors, including ineffective leadership, poor communication, conflicting interests, relational issues, group polarization, and weak conflict resolution mechanisms. The study reveals that effective reconciliation requires a multidimensional approach encompassing reconciliatory leadership, dialogic communication, pastoral care, mediation, trust restoration, and the cultivation of a peace-oriented culture. The study’s novelty lies in conceptualizing the church as an agent of reconciliation that shifts from a "conflict management" paradigm toward "conflict transformation." Consequently, reconciliation is understood not merely as a momentary act to halt conflict, but as an ongoing process of restoring relationships, rebuilding trust, strengthening congregational unity, and embodying the Gospel witness within the life of the church.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

jpp

Publisher

Subject

Religion Humanities Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Public Health Social Sciences Other

Description

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