<![CDATA[Inclusive education requires the availability of learning resources capable of accommodating the diversity of pupils’ abilities, characteristics, learning styles and individual needs. Conventional learning resources, which tend to be uniform, have not yet been fully able to provide a flexible and personalised learning experience, particularly for pupils with diverse learning needs. This article aims to analyse the concept, design and implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based adaptive learning resources in support of inclusive education. This study employs a literature review using a descriptive-qualitative approach, analysing various scientific articles, academic books, reports from educational institutions, and relevant policy documents. The findings indicate that AI can help tailor content, difficulty levels, learning pace, presentation formats, activities, assessments, and feedback based on students’ profiles and progress. Adaptive learning media can also support accessibility through text-to-speech, speech-to-text, transcripts, visualisations, language simplification, and personalised learning recommendations. However, its implementation still faces challenges in the form of infrastructure limitations, teachers’ competence readiness, the digital divide, algorithmic bias, data security, and the need for human supervision. Therefore, the development of AI-based adaptive learning tools must be grounded in the principles of inclusive education, Universal Design for Learning, data protection, equity, transparency, and collaboration between teachers, pupils, parents, technology developers, and policymakers. When implemented responsibly, AI can serve as a strategic tool for creating learning experiences that are more personalised, flexible, accessible, and responsive to pupils’ diverse learning needs.]]>
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