Social Sciences Journal
Vol. 3 No. 2 (2026): August

Ethical Leadership and Organizational Support on Employee Performance: Work Engagement as an Intervening Variable at PT MAS

Darmilisan Darmilisan (Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi)
Gunadi Gunadi (Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi)
Randa Akbar (Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi)



Article Info

Publish Date
25 Aug 2026

Abstract

This study examines the effects of ethical leadership and perceived organizational support on employee performance at PT MAS, with work engagement as an intervening variable. A quantitative, explanatory, cross-sectional design was applied to 200 employees selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a structured five-point Likert questionnaire measuring ethical leadership, organizational support, work engagement, and employee performance, and were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling with bootstrapping. The measurement model met convergent, discriminant, and reliability requirements. The structural results show positive effects of ethical leadership on work engagement (beta = 0.41), organizational support on work engagement (beta = 0.38), work engagement on employee performance (beta = 0.49), ethical leadership on performance (beta = 0.22), and organizational support on performance (beta = 0.19). Work engagement significantly mediated both leadership-performance and support-performance relationships. The model explained 58% of the variance in work engagement and 67% of employee performance. These findings indicate that ethical leadership and organizational support improve performance most effectively when they strengthen employee engagement.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

SOSJ

Publisher

Subject

Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

Description

Social Sciences Journal welcomes high quality contributions investigating topics in the fields of Communication Sciences, Economics, Psychology, Law, Education, Political Science, Sociology, Administrative Sciences, Social Work and many more, from theoretical, empirical and critical perspectives. ...