<![CDATA[The increasing utilization of marine space driven by the expansion of the blue economy has generated diverse violations that threaten ecosystem sustainability, governance effectiveness, and coastal livelihoods worldwide. This study aims to identify, classify, and analyze global patterns of marine spatial use violations through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. Literature was systematically retrieved from Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Wiley Online Library, Taylor & Francis, Frontiers, MDPI, and Google Scholar, covering publications from 2020 to 2026. The review involved identification, duplicate removal, title and abstract screening, full-text eligibility assessment, and final study selection based on predefined criteria. The selected studies were analyzed using thematic, content, and comparative approaches. The findings identify eight principal typologies of marine spatial use violations: unauthorized marine space utilization, illegal reclamation, marine enclosure, environmental and ecosystem degradation, unauthorized use of small islands, conservation zoning violations, unreported marine installations, and multi-use spatial conflicts. The main drivers include regulatory fragmentation, inadequate monitoring and enforcement capacity, competing economic interests, limited spatial data, and low compliance among marine stakeholders. The impacts are multidimensional, encompassing ecosystem degradation, biodiversity loss, social inequality, economic losses, and weakened governance legitimacy. Based on these findings, the study proposes the Marine Spatial Compliance Governance Framework (MSCGF), an integrative model comprising regulatory compliance, spatial monitoring, community participation, environmental protection, enforcement mechanisms, adaptive governance, and integrated marine spatial planning. The framework provides a conceptual foundation for strengthening compliance, improving institutional coordination, and advancing sustainable and equitable marine spatial governance across jurisdictions.]]>
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