<![CDATA[The Borneo Orangutan Survival (BOS) Samboja Lestari Foundation is the rightful owner of the conservation area that was the subject of an unauthorized land sale, as stated in Criminal Case No. 71/Pid.B/2025/PN Trg. These actions raise legal issues because they have the potential to harm the party holding rights to the land and undermine the interests of environmental and wildlife conservation. Although the case has been prosecuted criminally, the civil aspects related to unlawful acts and forms of compensation for the aggrieved party still require further examination. This study employs a doctrinal (normative) legal method using a legislative and case-law approach. The legal materials consist of primary sources—such as laws and court decisions—and secondary sources—such as books, journals, and previous research. These materials are analyzed qualitatively using a prescriptive method to address the legal issues under investigation. The research findings indicate that the sale of land within the BOS Samboja Lestari Foundation’s conservation area constitutes a tort under Article 1365 of the Civil Code, encompassing an unlawful act, fault, damage, and a causal relationship, thereby giving rise to civil liability separate from criminal sanctions as stated in Judgment No. 71/Pid.B/2025/PN Trg. The recommended form of redress is restitution through the restoration of the land to its original condition (restitutio in integrum) to restore the ecological function of the area and compensate the BOS Samboja Lestari Foundation for its losses.]]>
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