AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment)
Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026)

Variation in Phenolic, Flavonoid, and Antioxidant Content of Rosa × hybrida Based on Flower Organs and Color: The Basis for Pruning Biomass Valorization

Yefrida Yefrida (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia)
Sepriyaldi (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia)
Refilda Refilda (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
07 Sep 2026

Abstract

Hybrid rose plants are not only valuable as floriculture commodities, but also have the potential to be a source of bioactive compounds. In cultivation activities, leaves and stems from pruning are often not fully utilized, so a scientific basis is needed to select the most promising biomass and to develop a simple extraction process. This study analyzed total flavonoids, total phenolics, and antioxidant capacity in red, pink, white, and purple flowers, stems, and leaves of Rosa × hybrida Schleich. We extracted fresh samples by infusion in distilled water at 90 °C for 15 minutes. Total flavonoids were determined by AlCl3 complexation and expressed as mg QE/g FW; total phenolics were determined with Folin–Ciocalteu as mg GAE/g FW; while antioxidant capacity was measured by DPPH and the Modified Phenanthroline Method (MPM) as mg AAE/g FW. The highest flavonoids were found in purple stems (37.046 ± 17.557 mg QE/g FW), the highest phenolics in pink flowers (20.286 ± 1.704 mg GAE/g FW), the highest DPPH in purple leaves (10.928 ± 1.227 mg AAE/g FW), and the highest MPM in purple stems (7.762 ± 3.111 mg AAE/g FW). DPPH and MPM were highly correlated in flowers, stems, and leaves (r = 0.997–0.999). These findings suggest that vegetative biomass, especially purple rose stems and leaves, should be prioritized for the development of aqueous extracts and the valorization of pruning biomass. This study is a laboratory proof of concept; economic impact, community adoption, safety, and product performance still require further pilot testing. Potential contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):SDG 3: Good Health and Well-BeingSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

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Journal Info

Abbrev

ajarcde

Publisher

Subject

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Environmental Science

Description

AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) publishes papers on innovative applications, development of new technologies, and efficient solutions in agriculture, engineering, computing, economic, social, information technology, food, energy, and scientific ...