<![CDATA[Pharmaceutical innovation plays a critical role in improving global health outcomes by enabling the development of advanced medicines, vaccines, and healthcare technologies. However, the benefits of innovation are not solely determined by technological advancement but are also influenced by access, safety, and sustainability practices within pharmaceutical systems. This study aims to quantitatively examine the effects of innovation adoption, access and equity, pharmaceutical safety, and sustainability practices on global health impact, as well as to investigate the mediating role of pharmaceutical safety in the relationship between innovation adoption and global health outcomes. Using secondary data obtained from international health and development organizations, this study applies PLS-SEM with SmartPLS to test the proposed research model. The findings indicate that innovation adoption, access and equity, pharmaceutical safety, and sustainability practices each have a positive and significant effect on global health impact. Furthermore, pharmaceutical safety is found to partially mediate the relationship between innovation adoption and global health impact, highlighting the importance of robust safety mechanisms in translating innovation into meaningful health benefits. This study contributes to the literature by integrating innovation, equity, safety, and sustainability into a unified empirical framework and offers policy-relevant insights for strengthening global pharmaceutical systems to achieve equitable and sustainable health outcomes.]]>
Copyrights © 2025
