<![CDATA[Students’ limited critical thinking in understanding cultural diversity is influenced by the lack of innovative and contextual learning media. This highlights the need for interactive digital media that provide more meaningful learning experiences. This study aimed to develop, validate, evaluate the practicality, and examine the effectiveness of a three-dimensional (3D) Bali Cultural Tradition Map learning media integrated with Quick Response (QR) Code technology for teaching cultural diversity in elementary school science and social studies (IPAS). This study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation stages. The research participants included fourth-grade elementary school students, subject matter experts, media experts, and teachers as validators and users of the developed media. Data were collected through expert validation questionnaires, teacher and student response questionnaires, and critical thinking tests using validation sheets, questionnaires, and test instruments. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analyses. The findings indicate that the developed learning media met the criteria of being valid, highly practical, and effective in improving students' critical thinking skills in IPAS learning. The findings show that integrating three-dimensional media with QR Code technology creates more interactive and contextual learning. The QR Code-based 3D Map of Balinese Cultural Traditions is a feasible alternative for elementary science learning to enhance students’ critical thinking skills.]]>
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