<![CDATA[This study aims to develop a web-based spatial sense assessment application for elementary school students in Banjarmasin that is valid and practical for use in mathematics instruction. This is a research and development (R&D) study that employs the 4D model, which includes the define, design, develop, and disseminate stages. The define stage was conducted to analyze teachers’ needs and students’ characteristics; the design stage to design the assessment instrument and application; the develop stage to conduct validation and pilot testing; and the disseminate stage to introduce the application to teachers. The developed instrument consists of 15 items covering three aspects of spatial sense: spatial perception, visualization, and mental rotation. Validation results by experts indicate that the instrument has a very high level of validity, with an average percentage of 93.52%. Results from small- and large-scale pilot tests show that the application is easy to use, engaging, and helps teachers conduct interactive assessments. Thus, the web-based spatial sense assessment application developed is deemed suitable for use as an alternative assessment tool in elementary school mathematics education.]]>
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