<![CDATA[Digital transformation in 21st-century learning has shifted students’ note-taking habits from predominantly handwriting to digital note-taking. This shift in methods and media has sparked academic debate regarding its effectiveness and potential risks to learning outcomes and academic performance. This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the effects of digital note-taking and handwriting on students’ academic performance. The research approach used is quantitative, employing a comparative causal method. The research procedure consists of three main stages: instrument development, data collection using a closed-ended questionnaire, and quantitative data analysis. The target population consists of active students at Semarang State University, with a sample selected using purposive sampling aided by screening questions. Specific provisions in the form of a sample matching procedure were also applied to balance the data, resulting in a final, balanced sample of 42 respondents (21 manual versus 21 digital). Prerequisite tests were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s tests, followed by hypothesis testing via the Independent Samples t-test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The results of the analysis showed that there were no significant differences in academic performance between the two groups, either based on the Cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA) (Sig. 0.696 > 0.05) or academic performance scores (Sig. 0.173 > 0.05). This study confirms the compatibility between the two media as a result of the students’ cognitive adaptability in compensating for the limitations of each medium and note-taking method. ABSTRAK Transformasi digital dalam pembelajaran abad ke-21 telah mengubah kebiasaan mencatat mahasiswa dari mayoritas menggunakan metode hand-writing menuju digital note-taking. Fenomena peralihan metode dan media memicu polemik akademik terkait efektivitas dan potensi risikonya terhadap hasil belajar dan performa akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis secara komparatif penggunaan metode digital note-taking dan hand-writing terhadap performa akademik mahasiswa. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan metode kausal komparatif. Prosedur penelitian melalui tiga tahapan utama: penyusunan instrumen, pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner tertutup, dan analisis data kuantitatif. Populasi target yaitu mahasiswa aktif Universitas Negeri Semarang dengan teknik pengumpulan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dibantu pertanyaan penyaring. Diterapkan pula ketentuan spesifik berupa prosedur penyetaraan sampel (sample matching) guna menyeimbangkan data, sehingga diperoleh total sampel akhir sebanyak 42 responden secara berimbang (21 manual versus 21 digital). Pengujian prasyarat menggunakan metode Shapiro-Wilk dan Levene's Test, dilanjutkan uji hipotesis Independent Samples t-test pada taraf signifikansi α = 0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan performa akademik antara kedua kelompok, baik berdasarkan parameter nilai Indeks Prestasi Kumulatif (IPK) (Sig. 0,696 > 0,05) maupun skor performa akademik (Sig. 0,173 > 0,05). Penelitian ini menegaskan kompatibilitas antara kedua media sebagai hasil dari kemampuan adaptasi kognitif mahasiswa dalam mengkompensasi keterbatasan media dan metode mencatat masing-masing. ]]>
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