<![CDATA[Ancient Greece is one of the civilizations that had a significant impact on the advancement of global civilization. The way of life of the Greek people was influenced by these natural conditions in the fields of economy, society, and culture. The aim of this study is to examine how the natural environment and geographical location of Greece influenced the evolution of Greek civilization, the formation of its social character, and the process of Greek expansion throughout the Mediterranean. This research uses qualitative methodology and literature review methodology. Data on the history of Greek civilization and the geographical conditions of the Greek region were collected from various literary sources, including novels, scientific journals, research articles, and academic documents. After that, a descriptive-analytical method was used to study the data by observing, comparing, and analyzing various expert opinions on the relationship between the evolution of Greek society and the natural conditions. The research results indicate that the topography of Greece, dominated by mountains and with little fertile land, encouraged its inhabitants to make sailing and trade their main means of survival. Due to Greece's proximity to the Mediterranean Sea, trade, communication, and cultural exchange with other parts of the world were facilitated by the sea. The independence of the Greek people, their openness to external influences, and their strong spirit of exploration were all shaped by these natural conditions.]]>
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