<![CDATA[Coastal wetland regions require precise spatial planning to support sustainable aquaculture development, particularly in areas where environmental constraints limit production potential. This study aimed to evaluate land suitability for aquaculture in the Tembilahan Hulu District using integrated geospatial modeling based on biophysical parameters and spatial analysis. Surface water quality was measured in situ under tidal conditions at six sampling stations and analyzed using inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation to generate spatial distribution patterns. A GIS-based weighted overlay approach was applied through multi-criteria decision evaluation to classify aquaculture suitability zones. The resulting suitability map showed four classes covering 14,870.31 ha, including highly suitable (S1) areas of 1,246.75 ha, moderately suitable (S2) areas of 1,968.44 ha, marginally suitable (S3) areas of 9,772.76 ha, and unsuitable (N) areas of 1,882.36 ha. The dominance of S3 indicated broad aquaculture potential with management requirements, whereas low pH and dissolved oxygen (DO) fluctuations associated with wetland characteristics and geopedological constraints were identified as major limiting factors. The spatial model demonstrates an effective decision-support framework for aquaculture zoning and provides practical guidance for regional fishery development policies and sustainability]]>
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