<![CDATA[Chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa characterized by persistent inflammation and structural tissue remodeling, including mucosal fibrosis. The transforming growth factor-beta signaling pathway plays an important role in fibrogenesis by promoting fibroblast activation, collagen synthesis, and extracellular matrix deposition. Channa striata contains various bioactive compounds with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects that may contribute to tissue repair and regulation of fibrotic processes. This systematic review aimed to examine the potential role of Channa striata in TGF beta mediated fibrosis in based on available scientific evidence. The review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and the PICO framework. Literature searches were performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2015 and 2026. After identification, screening, and eligibility assessment, 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The findings indicate that activation of the TGF beta/Smad signaling pathway contributes to mucosal fibrosis through increased fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Evidence also suggests that Channa striata may modulate inflammatory mediators and growth factors involved in fibrogenesis. Therefore, Channa striata has potential as an adjuvant therapeutic candidate to reduce chronic inflammation and mucosal fibrosis in. However, direct clinical evidence in patients remains limited, and further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy, safety, and clinical applicability.]]>
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