<![CDATA[Hypertension frequently coexists with comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, and chronic kidney disease. That mix produces polypharmacy and raises the risk of drug-related problems (DRPs), which in turn can erode quality of life (QoL). This study set out to examine the relationship between polypharmacy, DRPs, and QoL in hypertensive patients with comorbidities. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at the outpatient internal medicine clinic of X Hospital, Batam, from January to June 2024. Consecutive sampling yielded 130 patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent use of five or more medications. DRPs were classified with the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) V9.1 tool, Bahasa Indonesia version. QoL was measured using the validated Indonesian SF-36 questionnaire. Data were analysed with Spearman rank correlation and multivariate logistic regression. Polypharmacy was present in 63.1% of patients, and DRPs were identified in 76.2%, most commonly drug interactions (31.4%) and dose-selection issues (24.8%). Polypharmacy correlated negatively with total QoL scores (r = -0.542; p < 0.001), as did DRPs (r = -0.418; p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed polypharmacy (AOR 3.24; 95% CI 1.62-6.48) and DRPs (AOR 2.87; 95% CI 1.41-5.85) as independent predictors of poor QoL. Integrated pharmaceutical care with an explicit focus on medication review is critical for mitigating DRPs and improving QoL in this population.]]>
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