<![CDATA[This study is motivated by differences in the management patterns of kitab kuning learning in salaf Islamic boarding schools amid the development of modern education. Although both pesantren place kitab kuning at the core of their educational programs, each has a distinct management pattern shaped by its vision and traditions. Salafiyah Abuzairi Islamic Boarding School implements a more structured learning system, whereas Nurul Khulus Islamic Boarding School adopts a more flexible approach rooted in pesantren culture. This study aims to analyze and compare the planning, implementation, and evaluation of kitab kuning learning at the two pesantren. The study employs a qualitative approach with a multisite research design. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, and analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was established through source, technique, and time triangulation. The findings show that learning planning at Abuzairi is more structured, while Nurul Khulus is more flexible and aligned with pesantren traditions. Both pesantren employ bandongan, sorogan, and halaqah methods; however, Abuzairi implements them more systematically and in a more controlled manner, whereas Nurul Khulus emphasizes simplicity and pesantren culture. Evaluation at Abuzairi is more structured, while Nurul Khulus applies a simpler approach. This study produces two conceptual models of kitab kuning learning management: the Spiritual-Sufistic Management Model (SSMM) at Abuzairi and the Cultural-Praxis Management Model (CPMM) at Nurul Khulus.]]>
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