<![CDATA[Plant-derived lipid nanoparticles (PDLNPs) have been widely developed as nanomedicine platforms for cancer and inflammatory therapies due to their high biocompatibility, good stability, and specific targeting ability. This study aimed to analyze the effect of surface modification on the physicochemical characteristics, cellular uptake, and therapeutic effectiveness of PDLNPs through the Structured Narrative Review approach. The results showed that unmodified PDLNPs generally exhibited exosome-like spherical morphology, stable particle size, and negative zeta potential that supported colloidal stability. Surface modification using TPGS-RNP and iRGD was proven to improve encapsulation efficiency, mucosal penetration, target tissue retention, and cellular uptake through receptor-mediated endocytosis mechanisms. In addition, natural lipids such as MGDG and plant bioactive compounds also played important roles in targeting and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. Overall, surface modification enhanced the anticancer and anti-inflammatory effectiveness of PDLNPs, indicating their potential as a more effective and specific plant-based drug delivery system.]]>
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