<![CDATA[Preoperative anxiety is common before surgery and may become more pronounced during spinal anesthesia because consciousness is maintained. Uncontrolled anxiety may affect physiological stability and readiness. This study aimed to analyze the effect of combining Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) and Deep Breathing on anxiety levels among patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design included 44 patients at Permata Medika Hospital, with 22 respondents per group. The intervention group received combined PMR and Deep Breathing, whereas the control group received Deep Breathing alone. Anxiety levels were assessed before and after intervention and analyzed according to data distribution. Before intervention, both groups had identical anxiety distributions, with 68.18% experiencing severe anxiety and 31.82% experiencing panic. After intervention, the intervention group showed 45.45% mild and 54.55% moderate anxiety, while the control group showed 4.54% mild, 63.64% moderate, and 31.82% severe anxiety. Within-group analyses showed significant reductions in anxiety in both groups (p = 0.000). Between-group analysis demonstrated a significant posttest difference (p = 0.000), with a mean difference of 4.73 points. The combination of PMR and Deep Breathing was more effective than Deep Breathing alone and may be considered a simple non-pharmacological intervention for reducing preoperative anxiety among patients undergoing spinal anesthesia. ]]>
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