<![CDATA[This study examines the conflict of interests surrounding illegal logging between communities and the government in Timbanuh Village, Pringgasela District, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The study employed a qualitative approach with field observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data were collected from community members and village government actors and were validated through triangulation. The findings show that the conflict is rooted in competing interests over forest resources. Local residents depend on forests for livelihoods, including grass for livestock feed and traditional harvesting of forest honey, while government institutions are responsible for conservation and law enforcement in the Gunung Rinjani National Park area. The conflict is intensified by economic dependence, limited alternative livelihoods, differences in understanding of forest use, and the persistence of local customs. Traditional practices surrounding forest honey, including harvesting according to the Sasak calendar, intersect with formal conservation rules. The conflict has passed through latent, manifest, de-escalation, and post-conflict phases. Dialogue and mediation have produced arrangements concerning access to grass, reforestation, tourism development, and restrictions on tree cutting. The study concludes that sustainable forest governance requires a balance between conservation, community livelihoods, cultural considerations, law enforcement, and meaningful community participation.]]>
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