<![CDATA[This study discusses the population dynamics of the interaction of the Maleo bird (Macrocephalon maleo) as prey and the monitor lizard (Varanus salvator) as predator by considering age structure in the prey and the presence of harvesting. The prey population is divided into three stages, namely eggs , juveniles , and adults , while the predator population is denoted by . The mathematical model is formulated in a four-dimensional nonlinear ordinary differential equation system. The objectives of this research are to construct the model, analyze the equilibrium points and their stability, and perform numerical simulations to illustrate the system’s behavior. The analysis yields two equilibrium points, namely the extinction point and the coexistence point Stability analysis using the Routh-Hurwitz criterion shows that is locally asymptotically stable if it satisfies , while is locally asymptotically stable if the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial satisfy certain conditions. Numerical simulations confirm that is locally asymptotically stable in the form of a stable focus. Variations in the harvesting rate show that an increase in the value of causes a decrease in the predator population, and even at , the Maleo bird and monitor lizard populations experience extinction. Biologically, age structure and harvesting rate significantly affect ecosystem sustainability. This research contributes to the development of mathematical ecology models and serves as a basis for consideration in Maleo bird conservation policies.]]>
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