<![CDATA[Punishment in Islamic criminal law is often reduced to the formalistic application of ḥudūd, qiṣāṣ, and ta‘zīr sanctions, thereby neglecting its substantive purposes. This study addresses that conceptual vacuum by reconstructing the objectives of Islamic punishment through the perspective of maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. The central problem is the gap between the rich theological treasury of fiqh al-jināyah and the limited conceptual framework for addressing demands of substantive justice and victim restoration. This is a normative-conceptual legal study based on library research, employing conceptual and theological-philosophical approaches. Primary legal materials include classical fiqh al-jināyah texts, Ibnu ‘Āsyūr’s Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah al-Islāmiyyah, and contemporary literature on Islamic punishment theory. The analysis is descriptive-analytical and interpretive-critical. The findings show that the theological foundation of Islamic punishment is multidimensional, encompassing ḥaqq Allāh and ḥaqq al-‘ibād, takfīr al-ma‘ṣiyah, zajr and ta’dīb, al-‘adl, and al-maṣlaḥah. Justice, deterrence, and restoration are not three separate objectives but a single maqāṣidī unity that mutually constitutes one another dialectically. This reconstruction offers a maqāṣidī framework operable for reforming Islamic criminal law in Indonesia, contributing to the development of a more just, restorative, and contextual Islamic penal theory.]]>
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