<![CDATA[This study aimed to analyze the effects of cooperative learning models, namely Team Games Tournament (TGT) and Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD), on the improvement of volleyball underhand passing skills among seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Pringsurat, Temanggung Regency. The study employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a two-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 64 students selected through purposive sampling, with class VII A assigned to the TGT group and class VII D to the STAD group. The research instrument was a volleyball underhand passing skills test that had been validated by experts. Data were analyzed using the Liliefors normality test, paired-sample t-test, N-Gain, independent-sample t-test, and ANCOVA. The results showed an increase in the mean scores of the TGT group from 59.81 to 78.81, with an N-Gain of 46.41%, while the STAD group increased from 59.38 to 73.56, with an N-Gain of 36.05%. Both groups showed significant improvement. The between-group comparison indicated that the TGT group had a significantly higher improvement than the STAD group (p = .038), supported by ANCOVA results (p = .019). These findings indicate that both TGT and STAD can be applied in volleyball underhand passing instruction, with greater improvement observed in the TGT group]]>
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