<![CDATA[Background: Within the framework of international law, ecocide has not yet been explicitly criminalized under the 1998 Rome Statute, despite a massive global movement advocating for its recognition. Objective: This article examines the concept of ecocide as an international crime and analyzes the construction of corporate criminal liability for environmental destruction that contributes to global climate change. Methods: This study employs a normative-juridical method, utilizing both comparative-law and conceptual approaches. Results: The findings indicate that, first, the definition of ecocide proposed by Stop Ecocide International in 2021 provides a comprehensive normative framework but requires further refinement regarding transnational corporations; second, corporate criminal liability for ecocide can be established through a doctrine that integrates respondeat superior, the identification doctrine, and the aggregation of fault; and third, as a megadiverse nation, Indonesia faces an urgent need to incorporate an ecocide legal framework into its national legal system, particularly through reforms to the Criminal Code and environmental protection legislation. Conclusion: The criminalization of ecocide is an urgent necessity within the 21st-century global legal order to ensure ecosystem sustainability and climate justice.]]>
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