<![CDATA[Public legal awareness and understanding of how to report fraud through Short Message Service (SMS) remain limited despite the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law). This empirical legal study examines SMS fraud in Semarang City. The findings identify weak law enforcement, limited public literacy, and rapid technological change as barriers to prevention and enforcement. Respondents also reported inadequate public outreach about SMS fraud risks. The study highlights the need for an integrated response combining legal education, stronger enforcement, and greater public awareness. Cooperation among government, law enforcement agencies, telecommunications providers, and the public is essential to improve protection against SMS fraud]]>
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