Noumerico: Journal of Technology in Mathematics Education
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): Noumerico, September 2026

Developing SIAR through ADDIE: Offline Augmented Reality Associated with Moderate Gains in Fifth-Grade Solid Geometry Learning

Yhasinta Agustyarini (Universitas KH Abdul Chalim)
M. Khadiqul Abror (Universitas KH Abdul Chalim)
Ali Rahmatulloh (Universitas KH Abdul Chalim)



Article Info

Publish Date
30 Sep 2026

Abstract

Solid geometry remains challenging for elementary students because three-dimensional concepts require spatial visualization that static two-dimensional media do not fully support. Although augmented reality (AR) can provide interactive three-dimensional representations, many educational applications assume reliable connectivity and individual device access, conditions that are not always available in resource-constrained primary schools. This study developed SIAR (Sistem Interaktif Augmented Reality), an offline, marker-based Android application, using the ADDIE model, and examined its expert-assessed validity, practicality, and impact on learning outcomes in fifth-grade solid geometry. Three experts appraised content, media, and language quality. A limited practicality trial involved 10 students and one teacher, followed by a main implementation with 27 students and the same teacher. Data were collected through validation sheets, user-response questionnaires, and pretest-posttest achievement scores and analyzed descriptively, including normalized gain. Content, media, and language appraisal reached 85.45%, 88.33%, and 92.50%, respectively. Student and teacher practicality responses were 88.80% and 82.00% in the limited trial and 87.60% and 84.00% in the main implementation. Mean achievement increased from 48.56 to 69.33, with a normalized gain of 0.4111, indicating moderate improvement during the instructional sequence. SIAR combines offline operation, marker-based three-dimensional visualization, and teacher-mediated shared-device projection, making it context-responsive to classrooms with limited connectivity and student-device access. Because the study used a one-group pretest-posttest design without a control group, the score increase should not be interpreted as a causal effect of SIAR. The findings support SIAR as a valid and practical visual learning support and justify further controlled, multi-school evaluation.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

noumerico

Publisher

Subject

Computer Science & IT Education Mathematics Social Sciences

Description

The aim of this Journal is to promote a principled approach to research on technology in mathematics education and related concerns by encouraging enquiry into relationship between theoretical and practical studies. The journal welcomes contributions in such areas of current analysis in: 1. Use of ...