Indonesian Journal of Education Methods Development
Vol. 21 No. 2 (2026): May

Structured Metacognitive Frameworks Facilitate Academic Progression Among Lower Primary Students: Kerangka Metakognitif Terstruktur Memfasilitasi Kemajuan Akademik Pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas Rendah

Amalia Qurrotul A’yun (Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
Mahardika Darmawan Kusuma Wardana (Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)



Article Info

Publish Date
20 Jun 2026

Abstract

General Background: Reading literacy constitutes a fundamental educational priority for human resource development, yet national assessment scores frequently indicate suboptimal scholastic achievement on global scales. Specific Background: Third-grade learners specifically struggle to grasp core information, identify main ideas, and answer analytical questions regarding expository texts despite possessing basic reading fluency. Knowledge Gap: Although the Know, Want to Know, Learned (KWL) strategy is a proven metacognitive tool, previous implementations predominantly target upper elementary or secondary classes, leaving its viability for early-grade learners in the concrete operational stage largely underexplored. Aims: This quasi-experimental research analyzes the application of the KWL instructional model on third-grade reading comprehension regarding expository materials at SDN Jerukgamping. Results: Utilizing a pretest-posttest control group design with 32 participants, the experimental group demonstrated a notable progression from an initial mean score of 70 to 84, significantly outperforming the control group. Statistical testing confirmed a significance value of 0.000, validating the intervention's success. Novelty: The study uniquely adapts this active learning framework for nine-year-old learners, bridging abstract questioning with concrete expository facts to stimulate targeted curiosity. Implications: Deploying this student-centered pedagogy provides educators with an engaging mechanism to build foundational literacy, though it requires intensive instructor facilitation and extended instructional time to accommodate younger developmental needs. Highlights: The Know Want Learn model successfully guides third-grade learners through decoding factual narratives. Integrating curiosity-driven questioning significantly advances reading assessment scores compared to conventional teacher-centered methodologies. Intensive instructor facilitation ensures nine-year-olds systematically organize new information within concrete operational stages. Keywords: Expository Reading, Know Want Learn, Cognitive Development, Quasi Experimental Design, Student Centered Pedagogy

Copyrights © 2026






Journal Info

Abbrev

ijemd

Publisher

Subject

Education

Description

Aim : This journal aimed at communicating the results of research of professors, teachers, practitioners, and scientists in the field of education covering teaching areas in primary education or all education, applied science and critical analytical studies education. - Readers targeted by this ...