The Effect of Video-Based Learning Media on High School Students' English Listening Skills: Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Video terhadap Kemampuan Mendengarkan Bahasa Inggris Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas

Andini Widia Ningsih (Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)
Wahyu Taufiq (Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo)

Indonesian Journal of Education Methods Development
Vol. 21 No. 3 (2026): August

General Background: Fine motor development is an important aspect of early childhood development because it involves small muscle control and eye-hand coordination. Specific Background: The study was conducted at TK Islam Al-Ikhsan, where several 4- to 5-year-old children experienced difficulties in holding pencils, opening bottle caps, grasping objects, and performing activities requiring fine motor control. Knowledge Gap: Previous studies have examined various activities for developing fine motor skills, while this study focuses on the use of simple collage materials and classroom-based improvements for children in Group A2. Aims: This study aims to examine the implementation of collage activities and the development of fine motor skills among 4- to 5-year-old children. Results: This classroom action research was conducted in two cycles involving 16 children, with data collected through observation and documentation. Fine motor achievement increased from 12.50% in the pre-cycle to 37.50% in Cycle I and 87.50% in Cycle II. The activities involved picking up, arranging, and attaching paper scraps, corn kernels, and Dacron onto prepared picture patterns. Novelty: The study emphasizes the use of simple and accessible collage materials combined with improvements in picture size and material selection based on difficulties identified during the first cycle. Implications: The findings indicate that structured collage activities can provide repeated opportunities for children to practice eye-hand coordination, finger strength, grasping, and precise hand movements in early childhood learning. Key Findings Highlights Fine motor achievement increased from 12.50% in the pre-cycle to 87.50% in Cycle II. Larger picture patterns and easier-to-grasp materials supported improved task performance. Children demonstrated better grasping, arranging, eye-hand coordination, focus, and independence. Keywords : Fine Motor Skills, Collage Activities, Early Childhood, Eye-Hand Coordination, Classroom Action Research