<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the difficulties faced by 11th-grade students in mastering English vocabulary. Initial observations indicate that students struggle with memorizing vocabulary, understanding word meanings, pronunciation, and using words in sentences. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach. The research participants were 11th-grade students from a single class selected through purposive sampling. The interview informants consisted of 9 students, namely 3 high-ability students, 3 medium-ability students, and 3 low-ability students. Data were collected through interviews and documentation of the interview process, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that students experience difficulties in long-term vocabulary retention, repetition, active classroom participation, learning motivation, fear of making mistakes, and lack of self-confidence. Vocabulary mastery is influenced by cognitive, psychological, and learning environment factors. Therefore, interactive and supportive learning strategies are needed to enhance students’ motivation, self-confidence, and vocabulary mastery.]]>
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