<![CDATA[The development of international trade has increased the use of international commercial agreements as instruments for regulating the legal relationships between parties. The principle of freedom of contract serves as an important foundation in determining the terms and conditions of an agreement, including the choice of law and choice of forum. However, such freedom is not absolute, as it is subject to mandatory rules, public policy, reasonableness, good faith, and the protection of weaker parties. This study aims to analyze the position and limitations of the application of the principle of freedom of contract in international commercial agreements from the perspective of Indonesian law. This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, case, and comparative approaches. The results demonstrate that the principle of freedom of contract constitutes a fundamental principle; however, its application remains subject to the interests of the national legal system. Choice of law and choice of forum constitute manifestations of party autonomy, but they cannot be used to circumvent mandatory legal provisions and public policy. Therefore, freedom of contract in international commercial agreements should be understood as “responsible contractual freedom,” namely, contractual freedom that continues to respect legal certainty, reasonableness, good faith, and the national legal interests of Indonesia.]]>
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