<![CDATA[High-stakes tests are used to inform critical decisions concerning students, teachers, schools, and educational policies. Therefore, they must meet rigorous quality-assurance standards. One key approach to ensuring the quality of high-stakes tests is establishing construct validity and reliability. This study aims to prove the construct validity and estimate the construct reliability for a high-stakes mathematics test for junior high school students. This study uses response data from participants taking the national junior high school mathematics exam in Indonesia. A simple random sampling technique was used to select 300 samples. Data were analyzed using second-order confirmatory factor analysis with the help of the R program. The study results revealed four factors that make up the mathematical ability construct: number, algebra, geometry, and statistics. All manifest variables (18 indicators) confirmed a significant contribution. The model fit indicators are met (chi-square = 140.013, df = 131, p = 0.279, RMSEA = 0.015, CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.993; SRMR = 0.039), so the construct measured in the high-stakes mathematics test is valid for measuring students’ mathematical abilities. Thus, the test construct has a reliability coefficient of 0.98, reflecting that the construct is reliable for measuring mathematical abilities.]]>
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