<![CDATA[This study aims to describe and analyze the social network of modern pesantren in Banten, which includes network structure, relationship patterns, and network effects on the actors involved. The phenomenon of rapid growth of modern pesantren requires a deep understanding of the social mechanisms that support its sustainability. This study uses a qualitative approach with a multisite case study strategy in six modern pesantren spread across Banten Province. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with kiai, administrators, and teachers, participatory observation, and documentation studies. The results of the data analysis showed that the network structure placed the founder/leader of the pesantren as a central actor (hub and bridge), supported by families and alumni networks. The relationship pattern formed was open but selective, including equal and unequal relationships based on trust and shared values. The network effect was proven to significantly increase institutional knowledge capacity, social legitimacy, as well as economic independence and resource management. In conclusion, social networks function as strategic capital and social infrastructure for the sustainability of Islamic boarding schools. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of network institutionalization and strengthening partnership governance, and it is recommended for future research to examine the dynamics of digital networks in the pesantren ecosystem.]]>
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