<![CDATA[Critical thinking skills are one of the essential competencies that elementary school students must possess, especially in social studies learning. However, facts in the field show that the level of students' critical thinking skills is still relatively low. Therefore, an alternative solution is needed to overcome these problems, one of which is by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by the Role-Playing method. This study aims to determine and analyze the increase in learning activities and students' critical thinking skills through the application of the model. This study used the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study were fifth-grade students at a public elementary school in Purwakarta. The instruments used included student activity observation sheets and essay tests to measure critical thinking skills. Based on the results of the data analysis, it showed that learning using the PBL model assisted by Role Playing provided a significant increase in student activity, from 38% in Cycle I to 91% in Cycle II. In addition, students' critical thinking skills also experienced an improvement that was completed classically through student involvement in independently composing argument debate scripts. In this study, it can be concluded that the Problem Based Learning model assisted by Role Playing has a positive effect and can improve the activities and critical thinking skills of students in social studies learning.]]>
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