Civil and Sustainable Urban Engineering
Volume 6 - Issue 2 - 2026

Numerical Evaluation of Axial Capacity and Settlement of a Bored Pile Foundation for a Hospital Building Using Finite Element and AllPile Analyses

Rashiqa Mutia Zahratunisa RH (Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, Jalan Almamater No. 1, Kampus USU, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia)
Rudianto Surbakti (Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, Jalan Almamater No. 1, Kampus USU, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia)
Salsabila Sahfa (Department of Civil Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Medan, Jalan Almamater No. 1, Kampus USU, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia)



Article Info

Publish Date
10 Oct 2026

Abstract

The performance of bored pile foundations for hospital buildings must satisfy both axial capacity and serviceability requirements, as excessive settlement may adversely affect structural and non-structural components, sensitive medical equipment, and overall building functionality. This study evaluated the axial bearing capacity and displacement response of a single bored pile at point P-86 of an Integrated Oncology Hospital Building project by comparing two numerical approaches, finite element method (FEM) analysis and AllPile Vertical Analysis, against field measurements obtained from a Pile Driving Analyzer (PDA) test. The investigated pile had a diameter of 0.80 m, an embedded length of 25 m, and a working load of 918 kN. Subsurface conditions were characterized using borehole BH-2 data, with groundwater encountered at approximately 10.5 m below ground level. The FEM analysis predicted an ultimate axial capacity of 985.98 tons and a displacement of 6.00 mm, whereas AllPile predicted an ultimate capacity of 1,365.21 tons, an allowable compressive capacity of 455.17 tons, and a settlement of 3.119 mm. In comparison, the PDA test indicated an ultimate capacity of 429 tons and a displacement of 7.60 mm. Relative to the PDA results, the FEM and AllPile ultimate capacities were higher by 129.83% and 218.23%, respectively, while the corresponding displacement differences were 21.05% and 58.96%. Thus, FEM provided predictions closer to the PDA results for both axial capacity and displacement, although a substantial discrepancy remained in the predicted ultimate capacity. The pile nevertheless satisfied the adopted working-load and serviceability requirements. These findings demonstrate that numerical predictions require site-specific calibration and validation against field measurements. Moreover, PDA-derived capacity should be interpreted as a dynamic field reference rather than as a direct substitute for conventional static pile load testing.

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Journal Info

Abbrev

csue

Publisher

Subject

Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Transportation

Description

The journal is intended to provide a platform for research communities from different disciplines to disseminate, exchange and communicate all aspects of basic and applied research involving three important divisions of Civil Engineering, Construction Management and Urban Engineering. The journal ...