<![CDATA[This study aims to describe the implementation of maternal parenting patterns on the development of independence in children aged 4-5 years at Kober Nusa Indah Hadimulyo Timur. Early childhood independence is an important aspect that needs to be developed from an early age through habituation and family environmental support. The research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive design. Research subjects consisted of parents, teachers, and children selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that there are three types of parenting patterns applied by parents: democratic, permissive, and authoritarian parenting. Democratic parenting was more dominantly applied and showed positive impacts on children's independence development, as parents provide freedom while still accompanied by guidance and clear rules. Children's independence levels varied across physical, emotional, social, and cognitive aspects. Children who are accustomed to being independent at home tend to be more capable of doing activities independently, confident, and brave in making simple decisions. Conversely, children who are too often helped or restricted tend to be more dependent on others. Factors of educational background, socioeconomic status, and cultural environment influence the parenting patterns applied. In conclusion, parenting patterns have an important influence on early childhood independence development. The application of appropriate parenting patterns, especially those that provide a balance between freedom and guidance, can help children develop into more independent individuals.]]>
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