<![CDATA[Background: Physical fitness is crucial for students' health and readiness to learn. Nevertheless, conventional physical education often provides limited opportunities for students to engage in sufficient physical activity. Therefore, innovative learning approaches are needed to improve students' physical fitness.Aims: The aim of thisstudy is to examine the effectiveness of an Innovative Media-Based Relay Running Learning Model, presented through a learning book enriched with animated illustrations to visualize the learning model, in improving the physical fitness of high school students.Methods: This study used a one-group pretest–post-test design involving 56 high school students selected through purposive sampling. The Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) was used to measure the physical fitness of students aged 16–19. The intervention was conducted over 16 meetings, consisting of one pretest, fourteen treatment sessions, and one post-test. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test, and the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test at a significance level of 0.05.Result: The mean physical fitness score increased from 9.89 ± 1.11 to 16.46 ± 1.13, with a mean difference of 6.57 points (95% CI: 6.18–6.97). The Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test showed a significant improvement (Z = 6.54; p < 0.001) with a large effect size (r = 0.874). Students' physical fitness classification also improved from Poor/Very Poor to Moderate/Good.Conclusion: The Innovative Media-Based Relay Running Learning Model effectively improved the high school students’ physical fitness and can be applied as an alternative strategy to promote active participation in physical education.]]>
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