<![CDATA[Coffee, an integral part of daily life, has a complex legal history within Islamic civilization. This study traces the genealogy and dialectics of coffee law, ranging from strict 16th-century Ottoman prohibitions to its legitimation by Nusantara scholars. Employing a qualitative-historical and philological approach, it conducts an in-depth analysis of primary texts—specifically Sheikh Ihsan Jampes's treatise Irsyad al-Ikhwan li Bayani Ahkami Syurb al-Qahwah wa al-Dukhan—alongside authoritative historical literature. Initial emergence in Mecca (1511) and Istanbul (1554) sparked intense political and moral polemics, leading rulers such as Sultan Murad IV to issue prohibition decrees against coffeehouses. Conversely, Sufi orders, particularly the Shadhiliyya Order, provided spiritual legitimacy to coffee as a wasilah to enhance stamina during nighttime worship, reinforced by the legal maxim "al-Wasail laha Hukm al-Maqasid". Ultimately, Sheikh Ihsan Jampes achieved an inclusive synthesis, emphasizing that coffee's legal status depends on individual preconditions, thereby preserving the diversity of opinions (ikhtilaf) and promoting religious moderation amid global legal tensions.]]>
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