<![CDATA[This study aims to analyze the smart governance framework, identify regulatory and institutional challenges, and formulate an integrative strategy for developing smart public transportation to promote sustainable urban mobility in Makassar City. The study employed a qualitative approach using a case study design, with data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, document analysis, and Focus Group Discussions, while informants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling. The data were analyzed thematically using NVivo 12 Plus and validated through source triangulation. The findings indicate that smart governance has considerable potential to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of public transportation in Makassar City; however, its implementation remains constrained by institutional fragmentation, limited data integration, insufficient human resource capacity, and regulatory frameworks that have not fully adapted to technological developments. Therefore, strengthening institutional coordination, data interoperability, intermodal integration, regulatory harmonization, digital capacity building among public officials, and citizen participation is essential to ensure that transportation digitalization not only improves service delivery but also reduces private vehicle dependency, expands accessibility, lowers emissions, and promotes an integrated, data-driven, adaptive, inclusive, and sustainable urban mobility system.]]>
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