<![CDATA[Political rights are an integral part of citizens’ human rights guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, including those of adherents of indigenous belief systems in the Almighty God (penghayat kepercayaan). However, in practice, adherents of these belief systems continue to face various forms of discrimination and structural barriers to the fulfillment of their political rights, both in administrative procedures and political participation. This situation reflects a gap between normative recognition and social reality, highlighting the importance of examining the extent to which state recognition contributes to the fulfillment of their political rights. This study employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The analysis is grounded in the theory of the rule of law and Axel Honneth’s theory of recognition. The findings indicate that although Constitutional Court Decision Number 97/PUU-XIV/2016 has strengthened the legal recognition of adherents of indigenous belief systems, the full realization of their political rights remains unachieved. Persistent barriers include insufficient changes in institutional attitudes, limitations in cross-sectoral policies, and enduring social stigma. Therefore, legal recognition must be accompanied by social and political recognition to ensure that the political rights of adherents of indigenous belief systems are effectively guaranteed and realized within Indonesia’s constitutional and political system.]]>
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